Synthetic fibers, engineered through chemical synthesis, differ significantly from natural fibers derived from living organisms like plants and animals. These fibers are a product of extensive research aimed at mimicking the properties of natural fibers, involving processes such as extruding materials through spinnerets to form fibers. The widespread application of synthetic fibers spans various fields of fiber and textile technology, reflecting their integral role in modern material science. However, their production and use also contribute to environmental issues, such as micro plastic pollution from laundry machines. This review explores the evolution and impact of synthetic fibers, particularly focusing on their reinforcement capabilities in polymer matrix composites (PMCs). These composites are favoured for their lightweight properties coupled with enhanced stiffness, modulus, and strength,making them ideal for numerous industrial applications.

This review emphasize the significance of synthetic fibers in advancing composite material technologies and highlights the ongoing challenges and future research directions aimed at mitigating environmental impacts while enhancing material properties.